The assessment of air quality and control of air pollution are difficult tasks facing an environmental manager. Both soil and water can be confined and gathered at one place while air cannot be gathered and confined in one place. Hence air quality assessment, air pollution prevention strategies and control technologies are of great importance in air quality management
SO2 emissions can be reduced by using fuels with the lowest possible S content: considerable advances have been made in the removal of S from fuels (including pulverized coal) before combustion. Consequently, the balance between the higher costs of such fuels and those associated with the installation of additional pollution controls is now becoming important.
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Fig. 1.14 Graphical representation of new source performance standards for SO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants(Source: J. Mol burg, 1980. A graphical representation of the NSPS for sulphur dioxide. Journal of air pollution control association. 30(1): 172.)
Cell and leaf anatomy: Since the leaf is the primary indicator of air pollution effects on plants, the functions of the leaf are given below. Aty pical plant cell has three main components (Fig. 1.17): the cell wall, the protoplast, and the inclusions. Much like the human skin, the cell wall is thin in young plants and gradually thickens with age. Protoplast is the tenn used to describe the protoplasm of one cell. It consists primarily of water, but it also includes protein, fat, and carbohydrates. Tire nucleus is the dense bit of protoplasm that controls the operation of the cell. Tire protoplasm located outside the nucleus is called cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm arc three types of tiny bodies or plastids: chloroplasts, leucoplasts and chromoplasts. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll that manufactures the plant's food through photosynthesis. Leucoplasts convert starch into starch grains. Chromoplasts are responsible for the red. yellow and orange colour of the fruit and flowers. 2ff7e9595c
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